Vyasadev
Praneetha
The Mad Bhagavatam
Canto 9
Chapter 22
The Descendants of Ajamîdha: the Pândavas and Kauravas
This chapter describes the descendants of Divodāsa. It also describes Jarāsandha, who belonged to the Ṛkṣa dynasty, as well as Duryodhana, Arjuna and others.
The son of Divodāsa was Mitrāyu, who had four sons, one after another — Cyavana, Sudāsa, Sahadeva and Somaka. Somaka had one hundred sons, of whom the youngest was Pṛṣata, from whom Drupada was born. Drupada's daughter was Draupadī, and his sons were headed by Dhṛṣṭadyumna. Dhṛṣṭadyumna's son was Dhṛṣṭaketu.
Another son of Ajamīḍha was named Ṛkṣa. From Ṛkṣa came a son named Saḿvaraṇa, and from Saḿvaraṇa came Kuru, the king of Kurukṣetra. Kuru had four sons — Parīkṣi, Sudhanu, Jahnu and Niṣadha. Among the descendants in the dynasty from Sudhanu were Suhotra, Cyavana, Kṛtī and Uparicara Vasu. The sons of Uparicara Vasu, including Bṛhadratha, Kuśāmba, Matsya, Pratyagra and Cedipa, became kings of the Cedi state. In the dynasty from Bṛhadratha came Kuśāgra, Ṛṣabha, Satyahita, Puṣpavān and Jahu, and from Bṛhadratha through the womb of another wife came Jarāsandha, who was followed by Sahadeva, Somāpi and Śrutaśravā. Parīkṣi, the son of Kuru, had no sons. Among the descendants of Jahnu were Suratha, Vidūratha, Sārvabhauma, Jayasena, Rādhika, Ayutāyu, Akrodhana, Devātithi, Ṛkṣa, Dilīpa and Pratīpa.
The sons of Pratīpa were Devāpi, Śāntanu and Bāhlīka. When Devāpi retired to the forest, his younger brother Śāntanu became the king. Although Śāntanu, being younger, was not eligible to occupy the throne, he disregarded his elder brother. Consequently, there was no rainfall for twelve years. Following the advice of the brāhmaṇas, Śāntanu was ready to return the kingdom to Devāpi, but by the intrigue of Śāntanu's minister, Devāpi became unfit to be king. Therefore Śāntanu resumed charge of the kingdom, and rain fell properly during his regime. By mystic power, Devāpi still lives in the village known as Kalāpa-grāma. In this Kali-yuga, when the descendants of Soma known as the candra-vaḿśa (the lunar dynasty) die out, Devāpi, at the beginning of Satya-yuga, will reestablish the dynasty of the moon. The wife of Śāntanu named Gańgā gave birth to Bhīṣma, one of the twelve authorities. Two sons named Citrāńgada and Vicitravīrya were also born from the womb of Satyavatī by the semen of Śāntanu, and Vyāsadeva was born from Satyavatī by the semen of Parāśara, Vyāsadeva instructed the history of the Bhāgavatam to his son Śukadeva. Through the womb of the two wives and the maidservant of Vicitravīrya, Vyāsadeva begot Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Pāṇḍu and Vidura.
Dhṛtarāṣṭra had one hundred sons, headed by Duryodhana, and one daughter named Duḥśalā. Pāṇḍu had five sons, headed by Yudhiṣṭhira, and each of these five sons had one son from Draupadī. The names of these sons of Draupadī were Prativindhya, Śrutasena, Śrutakīrti, Śatānīka and Śrutakarmā. Besides these five sons, by other wives the Pāṇḍavas had many other sons, such as Devaka, Ghaṭotkaca, Sarvagata, Suhotra, Naramitra, Irāvān, Babhruvāhana and Abhimanyu. From Abhimanyu, Mahārāja Parīkṣit was born, and Mahārāja Parīkṣit had four sons — Janamejaya, Śrutasena, Bhīmasena and Ugrasena.
Next Śukadeva Gosvāmī described the future sons of the Pāṇḍu family. From Janamejaya, he said, would come a son named Śatānīka, and following in the dynasty would be Sahasrānīka, Aśvamedhaja, Asīmakṛṣṇa, Nemicakra, Citraratha, Śuciratha, Vṛṣṭimān, Suṣeṇa, Sunītha, Nṛcakṣu, Sukhīnala, Pariplava, Sunaya, Medhāvī, Nṛpañjaya, Dūrva, Timi, Bṛhadratha, Sudāsa, Śatānīka, Durdamana, Mahīnara, Daṇḍapāṇi, Nimi and Kṣemaka.
Śukadeva Gosvāmī then predicted the kings of the māgadha-vaḿśa, or Māgadha dynasty. Sahadeva, the son of Jarāsandha, would beget Mārjāri, and from him would come Śrutaśravā. Subsequently taking birth in the dynasty will be Yutāyu, Niramitra, Sunakṣatra, Bṛhatsena, Karmajit, Sutañjaya, Vipra, Śuci, Kṣema, Suvrata, Dharmasūtra, Sama, Dyumatsena, Sumati, Subala, Sunītha, Satyajit, Viśvajit and Ripuñjaya.
9.22.1
mitrāyuś ca divodāsāc
sudāsaḥ sahadevo 'tha
somako jantu-janmakṛt
(1) S'rî S'uka said: 'From Divodâsa was Mitrâyu born and his sons, o protector of man, were Cyavana, Sudâsa, Sahadeva and Somaka. Somaka next was the father of Jantu.
9.22.2
(2) Of him there were a hundred sons, and the youngest of them was Prishata. From him was Drupada born who was opulent in every way.
9.22.3
dhṛṣṭadyumnādayaḥ sutāḥ
dhṛṣṭadyumnād dhṛṣṭaketur
(3) From Drupada was Draupadî [the wife of the Pândavas] born. His sons were led by Dhrishthadyumna of whom there was Dhrishthaketu. All these descendants of Bharmyâs'va [9.21: 31-33] are known as the Pâñcâlakas.
9.22.4-5
yo 'jamīḍha-suto hy anya
parīkṣiḥ sudhanur jahnur
suhotro 'bhūt sudhanuṣaś
(4-5) Riksha was another son born from Ajamîdha. He begot in his wife Tapatî, the daughter of the sun-god, Samvarana of whom Kuru was born [see family-tree], the king of Kurukshetra. Parîkshi, Sudhanu, Jahnu and Nishadha were Kuru's sons. From Sudhanu was Suhotra born and from him took Cyavana birth of whom there was Kritî.
9.22.6
vasus tasyoparicaro
bṛhadratha-mukhās tataḥ
cedipādyāś ca cedipāḥ
(6) From him there was Uparicara Vasu and his sons headed by Brihadratha were Kus'âmba, Matsya, Pratyagra and Cedipa and others. They all became rulers of the state of Cedi.
9.22.7
bṛhadrathāt kuśāgro 'bhūd
(7) From Brihadratha was Kus'âgra born. From his son Rishabha was Satyahita born who as his offspring had Pushpavân whose son was Jahu.
9.22.8
jarayā cābhisandhite
jīva jīveti krīḍantyā
(8) Brihadratha begot with a second wife he had a son in two halves who, because of the mother rejecting them, by Jarâ [the daughter of Time, see also 4.27: 19] playfully were united saying: 'Come alive, come alive', so that a son called Jarâsandha ['Jarâ's hermaphrodite'] was born [that later became a vital enemy of Lord Krishna].
9.22.9
somāpir yac chrutaśravāḥ
parīkṣir anapatyo 'bhūt
(9) From him was then Sahadeva born of whose son Somâpi there was S'rutas'ravâ. Parîkshi [another son of Kuru] had no children while of Jahnu one was born named Suratha.
9.22.10
tato vidūrathas tasmāt
sārvabhaumas tato 'bhavat
jayasenas tat-tanayo
rādhiko 'to 'yutāyv abhūt
(10) From him there was Vidûratha of whom Sârvabhauma was born. He had Jayasena and from his son Râdhika was Ayutâyu born.
9.22.11
tataś cākrodhanas tasmād
pratīpas tasya cātmajaḥ
(11) From him then there was Akrodhana who had a son named Devâtithi of whom Riksha was born who had a son called Dilîpa and because of him there was the son Pratîpa.
9.22.12-13
abhavac chāntanū rājā
prāń mahābhiṣa-saḿjñitaḥ
(12-13) From him were born the sons Devâpi, S'ântanu and Bâhlîka. It was Devâpi the eldest who rejected his father's realm and left for the forest so that S'ântanu became the king. He a life before had been the celebrated Mahâbhisha; whomever he touched with his hands attained youth however old that person would be.
9.22.14-15
śāntanur brāhmaṇair uktaḥ
parivettāyam agrabhuk
rājyaḿ dehy agrajāyāśu
(14-15) Because one indeed primarily by the touch of his hands could receive the youth of pleasure was he known as S'ântanu. When Indra, the might of the heavens, for twelve years had not sent down rain in his kingdom was S'ântanu, who at fault as an usurper [parivetta] was enjoying the kingdom of his elder brother, by his brahmins advised: 'Give immediately, for the elevation of your stronghold and kingdom, the realm back to your elder brother.'
9.22.16-17
evam ukto dvijair jyeṣṭhaḿ
vedād vibhraḿśito girā
(16-17) Thus advised by the twice-born asked he Devâpi to take charge of the kingdom but from what he replied became clear that he had fallen from the principles. That had happened because in the past instigated by S'ântanu's minister the brahmins had prompted him with words in offense with the Vedas. When that was said showered [with S'ântanu accepting the realm] the demigod the rains. Devâpi later on sought his refuge in the village of Kalâpa taking up the practice of yoga [in which he is still engaged today].
9.22.18-19
kṛtādau sthāpayiṣyati
bāhlīkāt somadatto 'bhūd
bhūrir bhūriśravās tataḥ
śalaś ca śāntanor āsīd
(18-19) When the Soma dynasty in Kali-yuga has disappeared, will it [by him] at the beginning of the next one, Satya-yuga, be reestablished. Bâhlika [S'ântanu's brother] begot Somadatta and from him there were Bhûri, Bhûris'ravâ and next the son S'ala. S'ântanu begot in his wife Gangâ the selfrealized great devotee and scholar Bhîshma [see also 1.9], the best of all defenders of the dharma.
9.22.20
(20) By him, the best of all warriors, was even Paras'urâma to his own satisfaction defeated in a fight [*]. By S'ântanu was from the womb of [Satyavatî] the daughter of Dâsa [a fisherman **] brought about the son Citrângada.
Satyavatī was actually the daughter of Uparicara Vasu by the womb of a fisherwoman known as Matsyagarbhā. Later, Satyavatī was raised by a fisherman.
The fight between Paraśurāma and Bhīṣmadeva concerns three daughters of Kāśīrāja — Ambikā, Ambālikā and Ambā — who were forcibly abducted by Bhīṣmadeva, acting on behalf of his brother Vicitravīrya. Ambā thought that Bhīṣmadeva would marry her and became attached to him, but Bhīṣmadeva refused to marry her, for he had taken the vow of brahmacarya. Ambā therefore approached Bhīṣmadeva's military spiritual master, Paraśurāma, who instructed Bhīṣma to marry her. Bhīṣmadeva refused, and therefore Paraśurāma fought with him to force him to accept the marriage. But Paraśurāma was defeated, and he was pleased with Bhīṣma.
9.22.21-24
vicitravīryaś cāvarajo
vicitravīryo 'thovāha
svayaḿvarād upānīte
ambikāmbālike ubhe
tayor āsakta-hṛdayo
gṛhīto yakṣmaṇā mṛtaḥ
(21-24) Vicitravîrya his elder brother Citrângada was by a Gandharva carrying the same name killed. By the sage Parâs'ara incarnated from her [Satyavatî, previous to her marriage to S'ântanu] directly an expansion of the Lord who was a great muni protecting the Vedas: Krishna Dvaipâyana from whom I was born to study this [Bhâgavatam] thoroughly. Vyâsadeva, the [partial] incarnation of the Lord, rejected his pupils Paila and others while he unto me, I as his son far removed from sense gratification, was of instruction with the most confidential of this supreme literature. Vicitravîrya later on married the two daughters of Kâs'îrâja who by force were brought from the arena of selection, but because he was too attached in his heart to the both of Ambikâ and Ambâlikâ died he of an infection with tuberculosis.
9.22.25
mātrokto bādarāyaṇaḥ
(25) Therein of the brother having no offspring begot Vyâsadeva commissioned [in devarena sutotpatti, see footnote 9.6] by the mother [Satyavatî] two sons called DhritaRâshtra and Pându [with respectively Ambikâ and Ambâlikâ] and was [with Vicitravîrya's maidservant, see also 1: 13] also a son begotten named Vidura.
Vicitravīrya died of tuberculosis, and his wives, Ambikā and Ambālikā, had no issue. Therefore, after Vicitravīrya's death, his mother, Satyavatī, who was also the mother of Vyāsadeva, asked Vyāsadeva to beget children through the wives of Vicitravīrya. In those days, the brother of the husband could beget children through the womb of his sister-in-law. This was known as devareṇa sutotpatti. If the husband was somehow unable to beget children, his brother could do so through the womb of his sister-in-law. This devareṇa sutotpatti and the sacrifices of aśvamedha and gomedha are forbidden in the age of Kali.
aśvamedhaḿ gavālambhaḿ
devareṇa sutotpattiḿ
[Cc. Ādi 17.164]
"In this age of Kali, five acts are forbidden: the offering of a horse in sacrifice, the offering of a cow in sacrifice, the acceptance of the order of sannyāsa, the offering of oblations of flesh to the forefathers, and a man's begetting children in his brother's wife." (Brahma-vaivarta Purāṇa).9.22.26
tatra duryodhano jyeṣṭho
(26) From his wife Gândhârî were of DhritaRâshtra a hundred sons born, o protector of man, of whom Duryodhana was the oldest, as well as one daughter called Duhs'alâ.
9.22.27-28
jātā dharmānilendrebhyo
yudhiṣṭhira-mukhās trayaḥ
(27-28) Pându because of a curse had to restrain his sexual life, and so were the great [Pândava] heroes, the three sons headed by Yudhishthhira born from [his wife] Kuntî begotten by Dharma, Anila and Indra [not mentioning Karna brought forth by the sun-god]. Nakula and Sahadeva were in the womb of Mâdrî begotten by the two As'vins [Nâsatya and Dasra]. From these five brothers came [with Draupadî] five sons into this world: your uncles.
9.22.29
śrutaseno vṛkodarāt
arjunāc chrutakīrtis tu
(29) Yudhishthhira had Prativindhya, Bhîma had S'rutasena, from Arjuna came S'rutakîrti and from Nakula there was S'atânîka.
9.22.30-31
chrutakarmā tathāpare
devako 'tha ghaṭotkacaḥ
bhīmasenād dhiḍimbāyāḿ
vijayāsūta pārvatī
(30-31) Sahadeva, o King, had S'rutakarmâ. There indeed were also other sons: from Yudhishthhira was there with Pauravî Devaka, Bhîma had Ghathotkaca with Hidimbâ and Sarvagata with Kâlî, and likewise had Sahadeva with Vijaya, the daughter of the Himalayan king [Pârvatî], Suhotra born from him.
9.22.32
kareṇumatyāḿ nakulo
naramitraḿ tathārjunaḥ
(32) Nakula had with Karenumatî a son named Naramitra and Arjuna had the son Irâvân from the womb of Ulupî [a Nâga-daughter] and the son Babhruvâhana with the princess of Manipura, who, although being his son, was adopted by the father-in-law.
It is to be understood that Pārvatī is the daughter of the king of the very, very old mountainous country known as the Maṇipura state. Five thousand years ago, therefore, when the Pāṇḍavas ruled, Maṇipura existed, as did its king. Therefore this kingdom is a very old, aristocratic Vaiṣṇava kingdom. If this kingdom is organized as a Vaiṣṇava state, this revitalization will be a great success because for five thousand years this state has maintained its identity. If the Vaiṣṇava spirit is revived there, it will be a wonderful place, renowned throughout the entire world. Maṇipuri Vaiṣṇavas are very famous in Vaiṣṇava society. In Vṛndāvana and Navadvīpa there are many temples constructed by the king of Maṇipura. Some of our devotees belong to the Maṇipura state. The Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement, therefore, can be well spread in the state of Maṇipura by the cooperative efforts of the Kṛṣṇa conscious devotees.
9.22.33
abhimanyur ajāyata
sarvātirathajid vīra
uttarāyāḿ tato bhavān
(33) From Subhadrâ [Krishna's sister] was [by Arjuna] your father Abhimanyu born, he was a great hero who defeated all Atirathas ['those who can oppose a thousand charioteers']. And your good self took begotten by him birth from Uttarâ.
9.22.34
drauṇer brahmāstra-tejasā
sajīvo mocito 'ntakāt
(34) With the annihilation of the Kuru dynasty tried As'vatthâmâ also to put you to death with the heat of the brahmâstra weapon, but by the mercy of Lord Krishna were you saved from ending that way [see 1.8].
9.22.35
taveme tanayās tāta
śrutaseno bhīmasena
(35) All your sons, my best, with Janamejaya first, S'rutasena, Bhîmasena and Ugrasena - are all of great power.
9.22.36
(36) Your eldest son, knowing that you died of Takshaka, will in great anger in a fire sacrifice offer all snakes.
9.22.37
(37) Accepting Tura, the son of Kalasha, for his priest will he, having conquered each and every part of the world, be of sacrifice in as'vamedha offerings and be known as Turuga-medhashâth ['performer of many horse-sacrifices'].
9.22.38
(38) S'atânîka, his son, will with Yâjñavalkya thoroughly study the three Vedas and the way to perform [cermonies] according the spiritual knowledge, realize the military art [from Kripâcârya] and will with S'aunaka achieve the transcendental.
9.22.39
sahasrānīkas tat-putras
tataś caivāśvamedhajaḥ
asīmakṛṣṇas tasyāpi
(39) Sahasrânîka his son will have as'vamedhaja for his son and from him will there be Asîmakrishna who will have a son named Nemicakra.9.22.40
uktas tataś citrarathas
tasmāc chucirathaḥ sutaḥ
(40) With Hastinâpura flooded by the river, will he [Nemicakra] duly live at Kaus'âmbî, whereafter from his son called Citraratha there will be the son S'uciratha.
9.22.41
suṣeṇo 'tha mahīpatiḥ
nṛcakṣur yat sukhīnalaḥ
(41) From him will there also be a son: Vrishthimân from whom following there will be Sushena, an emperor. His son Sunîtha will have one called Nricakshu and from him there will be Sukhînala.
9.22.42
pariplavaḥ sutas tasmān
medhāvī sunayātmajaḥ
nṛpañjayas tato dūrvas
timis tasmāj janiṣyati
(42) Pariplava will be his son and from Sunaya after him will there be Medhâvî; from him there will be Nripañjaya, he will have Dûrva and by him will Timi take birth.
9.22.43
timer bṛhadrathas tasmāc
chatānīkaḥ sudāsajaḥ
śatānīkād durdamanas
tasyāpatyaḿ mahīnaraḥ
(43) Of Timi, we'll have Brihadratha of whom Sudâsa will have the son S'atânîka. S'atânîka will have a son named Durdamana and his son will be Mahînara.
9.22.44-45
daṇḍapāṇir nimis tasya
brahma-kṣatrasya vai yonir
vaḿśo devarṣi-satkṛtaḥ
(44-45) Dandapâni, from him, will have Nimi from whom Kshemaka will take birth. With Kshemaka closing the row as the monarch will there be an end to this dynasty, this source of brahmins and kshatriyas respected by the seers and the godly in Kali-yuga. Next will there in the future be the kings of Mâgadha; let me tell you about them.
9.22.46-48
mārjārir yac chrutaśravāḥ
tato yutāyus tasyāpi
sunakṣatraḥ sunakṣatrād
bṛhatseno 'tha karmajit
śucis tasya bhaviṣyati
kṣemo 'tha suvratas tasmād
dharmasūtraḥ samas tataḥ
dyumatseno 'tha sumatiḥ
(46-48) The son of Sahadeva [born of Jarâsandha] will have Mârjâri for his son. S'rutas'ravâ will there be of him, Yutâyu will be his son and Niramitra after him will have Sunakshatra. Sunakshatra will beget Brihatsena and Karmajit from him will have Sutañjaya whose son Vipra will have one born called S'uci. Kshema thereafter born from him will have the son Suvrata from whom Dharmasûtra will appear. Sama his son will have Dyumatsena after whom next from Sumati, his son, Subala will take birth.
9.22.49
viśvajid yad ripuñjayaḥ
bārhadrathāś ca bhūpālā
(49) From Sunîtha [Subala's son] there will be Satyajit from whose son Vis'vajit there will be Ripuñjaya; and so will all the other kings in the line of Brihadratha for a thousands years in a row take birth.'
This is the history of a monarchy that began with Jarāsandha and continues for one thousand years as the above-mentioned kings appear on the surface of the globe.
* The fight between Paras'urâma and Bhîshmadeva concerns three daughters of Kas'îrâja--Ambikâ, Ambâlikâ and Ambâ--who were forcibly abducted by Bhîshmadeva, acting on behalf of his brother Vicitravîrya. Ambâ thought that Bhîshmadeva would marry her and became attached to him, but Bhîshmadeva refused to marry her, for he had taken the vow of brahmâcârya. Ambâ therefore approached Bhîshmadeva's military spiritual master, Paras'urâma, who instructed Bhîshma to marry her. Bhîshmadeva refused, and therefore Paras'urâma fought with him to force him to accept the marriage. But Paras'urâma was defeated, and he was pleased with Bhîshma.
** Satyavatî was actually the daughter of Uparicara Vasu by the womb of a fisherwoman known as Matsyagarbhâ. Later, Satyavatî was raised by a fisherman.
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